7 Types of Euphemism

7 Types of Euphemism 7 Types of Euphemism 7 Types of Euphemism By Mark Nichol Euphemisms, words or phrases that substitute for provocative or emotionally charged terms, are employed for various reasons: 1. Abstraction: Some euphemisms serve to distance people from unpleasant or embarrassing truths, as when we say that a dead person passed away or a celebrity who has canceled an appearance is suffering from exhaustion. 2. Indirection: A euphemism may replace an explicit description of an action, as when people speak of going to the bathroom or of others sleeping together. 3. Litotes: Sometimes, euphemism occurs in the form of this rhetorical device in which the gravity or force of an idea is softened or minimized by a double negative, as in the reference to someone as being not unattractive. 4. Mispronunciation: Alteration of pronunciation is a form of euphemism, as when we say frigging or shoot, or jeez or cripes, so as not to offend people by using profanity (figurative or literal). These types of euphemisms, involving rhyme, alliteration, or shortening, are also called minced oaths. 5. Modification: A bluntly offensive noun can be transformed into a euphemism by converting it to an adjective, as in saying someone has socialist leanings rather than labeling them a socialist outright. 6. Personification: One form of euphemism is when things that some people prefer not to mention candidly, such as genitals, are assigned personal names. (I will go beyond euphemism and let readers think of examples on their own.) 7. Slang: Much of slang, derived to produce a vocabulary exclusive to a social group, is euphemism, as in the use of joint for marijuana (itself a slang term, derived from the Spanish names Mary and Juana closely related to â€Å"Mary Jane,† yet another euphemism). Corporations and government bureaucracies, including military services, are masters are creating euphemisms of abstraction and indirection such as pre-owned for used, effluent for pollution, and â€Å"collateral damage† in place of â€Å"accidental killing.† Euphemism is also often employed in an attempt to make polite reference to physical or psychological disability, though some people argue that while a trend toward ever more euphemistic language seems to accord people so labeled more respect, euphemism can also diminish the public perception of the seriousness of the condition. Not all euphemism is deplorable, but much of it is, and writers and editors must search their consciences and uphold their principles in deciding whether to couch terms or whether to use straightforward language. Although an increased likelihood of euphemism seems to correlate with the extent of distribution of a publication, it is also often true that the more widespread the readership of a publication, the safer it is for those who produce its content to be blunt and honest. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Types of Narrative Conflict15 Great Word Games25 Favorite Portmanteau Words

Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusEssay Writing Service

Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusEssay Writing Service Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of Cyprus Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusProcurement methods are crucial for the construction industry of Cyprus because they determine how the acquisition and ordering of properties or their elements of the buildings that are being constructed. In actuality, procurement methods influence the development of the company-customer relationships and, to a significant extent, influence the entire construction industry. The company-customer relationships are very important for the stable development of the construction industry of Cyprus. In such a situation, the construction industry of Cyprus depends on the development of procurement methods, which help construction companies and customers using their services to prevent conflicts and regulate relations between them. At the same time, the development of the construction industry raises the problem of the wide implementation of effective procurement methods because of the changing business environment a nd the integration of the construction industry of China into international business relations. In such a situation, procurement methods in the construction industry of Cyprus may change under the impact of changes in the business environment of Cyprus. Today, the procurement methods influence consistently the development of the construction industry of Cyprus because they determine the company-customer relationships and details of contracts constructors have to perform that makes it possible to forecast the development of the construction industry of Cyprus through the identification of the most popular procurement methods in the industry at the moment.TheoryProcurement is generally defined as the act of obtaining or buying goods or services. At the same time, procurement implies the establishment of business relations based on contracting between companies operating the construction industry and customers using their services. Procurement is essential for the development of the co nstruction industry and the effective performance of organisations operating in the industry because procurement determines the procedure of obtaining and buying goods and services. In this regard, procurement becomes an essential tool that determined the relationships between companies and customers. In such a situation, the choice of procurement methods may play the determinant part for the further development of the construction industry because the choice of the procurement method affects the development of relations between companies and customers and help to facilitate the interaction between them. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that that companies operating in the construction industry and their customers attempt to choose optimal procurement methods that facilitate their interaction and the delivery of goods and services from companies to customers. At the same time, companies operating in the construction industry have to adapt to current needs of customers, their expectations and wants.At the same time, different factors may influence the choice of the procurement method, among which it is possible to distinguish external and internal factors. The development of the construction industry depends on the impact of those factors because they affect procurement methods used by companies and customers in the construction industry of Cyprus. External factors may be as significant as internal ones and they both have a considerable impact on procurement methods and the impact on the construction industry at large.External factors relate mainly to the socioeconomic environment, where companies operating in the construction industry operate. In this regard, a particular consideration should be given to the potential impact of economic, commercial, technological, political, social and legal factors which influence the client and their business, and the project team during project’s lifecycle. For example, potential changes in interest rat es, changes in legislation and so on. Such changes influence policies of construction companies as well as procurement methods they choose. For instance, as a rule, companies choose the procurement method which allows them minimising the fiscal pressure on them and their customers.Client resources also have a considerable impact on procurement methods used by organisations. A client’s knowledge, the experience of the organisation with procuring building projects and the environment within which it operates will influence the procurement strategy adopted. Client objectives are influenced by the nature and culture of the organisation. The degree of client involvement in the project is a major consideration.Project characteristics can also have a considerable impact on the choice of the procurement method (Love Mohamed 1996). The size, complexity, location and uniqueness of the project should be considered as this will influence time, cost and risk. All these characteristics in fluence the supply of goods and services and, therefore, influence the procurement method. For instance, some locations are easier to reach than others. Naturally, construction companies set different requirements and price depending on the location. Special requirements of construction companies or their customers lead to the choice of the specific procurement method.The ability to make changes is anther important factor that affects the choice of the procurement method (Love, Gunasekaran Li 1998). Ideally the needs of the client should be identified in the early stages of the project (Dissanayaka 1998). This is not always possible. Changes in technology may result in changes being introduced to a project. Changes in scope invariably result in increase costs and time, especially they occur during construction. It is important at the outset of the project to consider the extent to which design can be completed and the possibility of changes occurring.Cost issues play an important p art in the choice of the procurement method because depending on the costs available to the construction company that the customer can spend on the particular project, the company and the customer elaborate the procurement method. For instance, in some cases customers can prepay goods and services supplied by the construction company, while in other cases, customers may pay for goods and services, when the construction has already started. An assessment for the need for price certainty by the client should be undertaken considering that there is a time delay from the initial estimate to when tenders are received (Rowlinson 1999). The extent to which design is complete will influence the cost at the time of tender. If price certainty is required, then design must be complete before construction commences and design changes avoided.The timing is one of the key factors that influence the choice of the procurement method. Most projects are required within a specific time frame. It is im portant that an adequate design time is allowed, particularly if design is required to be complete before construction. Assurances from the design team about the resources that are available for the project should be sought. Planning approvals can influence the progress of the project (Turner 1990). If early completion is a critical factor then design and construction activities can be overlapped so that construction can commence earlier on-site. Time and cost trade-offs should be evaluated.On the other hand, there are internal factors, such as human resources available to the construction company, the organisational culture and structure, and other factors that are characteristics of the construction company and that may affect the procurement method chosen by the organisation. Internal factors can affect consistently the choice of the procurement method because the company relies heavily on its human resources. If the company does not have professionals capable to carry out certai n procurement methods, then the organisation naturally focuses on procurement methods that are available to its professionals, which they can carry out successfully. Internal factors can affect the performance of the construction company preventing it from fulfilling its obligations, if the procurement method chosen by the company is wrong. For instance, if the company cannot maintain the productivity of its employees high, then the company will be unable to supply goods and services within short timeline.Applying the term procurement method to the construction industry, it is possible to define procurement as the acquisition or ordering of properties or their elements by customers, who order the construction of facilities from construction companies, while the latter are supposed to offer the specific procurement method that matches interests of the customer the best. In such a way, the choice of the procurement method is not just the choice of the construction company or customer individually but it is the choice made by the company and client through interaction and negotiations. The development of the construction industry relies on the use of efficient procurement methods which enhance the marketing performance of companies operating in the construction industry and stimulating the further progress of the construction industry.Key procurement methodsAt the moment, there are several key procurement methods that are particularly widely-spread in the construction industry of Cyprus, including general contracting; design and build; construction management; management contracting; private finance initiative; public-private partnership; framework contracting; and prime contracting. In fact, the variety of procurement methods that are currently applied to the construction industry of Cyprus are effective and help to develop effective marketing strategies but companies should make right choices to choose the most efficient marketing strategy and proper procuremen t method that matches needs of the company and its clients and allow the company to use the full potential of its resources.Traditional contractingTraditional contracting is the traditional procurement method applied to the construction industry. This method involves the constructor works according to a detailed plan provided by the investor. Traditional contracting involves three sub-types, such as lump sum, measurement and cost reimbursement. These three sub-types co-exist and may replace one another, when necessary. At the same time, companies choose the optimal type of the traditional contracting to maintain the effective marketing performance and to reach the high level of the customer satisfaction.Lump sum is the procurement which implies that the contractor undertakes to carry out a defined amount of work in return for an agreed sum. This can be a fixed amount not subject to recalculation, in which case there would be no opportunity for the employer to make variations. The su m is likely to be subject to limited fluctuations, usually to cover tax etc changes not foreseeable at the time of tendering. The sum may be subject to fluctuations in the cost of labour, plant and materials – the so called fluctuations provision. Recovery may be use of a formula, or by checking invoices (Love, Skitmore, Earl, 1998). In fact, lump sum involves the close interaction between construction companies and their customers, when customers pay for specific work companies have to perform for the agreed sum of money. The payment does not change significantly, in spite of the changes in the business environment or possible issues that may rise in the course of the construction.Lump sum contracts with quantities are priced on the basis of drawings and a firm bill of quantities. Items which cannot be accurately quantified can be recovered by an approximate quantity or a provisional sum, but these should be kept to a minimum. Lump sum contracts ‘without quantitiesâ⠂¬â„¢ are priced on the basis of drawings and another document. This may simply be a specification of a descriptive kind, in which case the lump sum will not be itemised, or one that is detailed to the extent that the contract sum is the total of the priceable items. The job might be more satisfactory described as a ‘Schedule of Works’, where the lump sum is the total of the priced items. In the latter cases, an itemised breakdown of the lump sum will be a useful basis for valuing additional work. Where only a lump sum is tendered, then a supporting ‘Schedule of Rates’ or a ‘Contract Sum Analysis’ will be needed from the tenderer. Tenders can be prepared on the basis of notional quantities, but they will need to be replaced by firm quantities if it is intended to enter into a ‘with quantities’ lump sum contract. In such a way, contractors have limited opportunities to change the sum the customer will have to pay, even if they confr ont substantial problems in the course of the implementation of the project and have to increase costs of the project. This is why companies have to create accurate plans and calculate all costs accurately to prevent unexpected costs that may put under the question the successful implementation of the project. In such a situation, companies should have well-developed forecasting potential to foresee possible challenges that may arise in the course of the construction and include those issues into their plans and costs of the construction.Measurement contracts are also referred to as ‘re-measurement contracts’. This is where the work which the contractor undertakes to do cannot for some good reason be accurately measured before tendering (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). The presumption is that it has been substantially designed, and that reasonably accurate picture of the amount and quality of what is required is given to the tenderer. Probably the most effective mea surement contracts, involving least risk is to the employer, are those based on drawings’ with approximate quantities. Measurement contracts can also be based on drawings and a ‘Schedule of Rates’ or prices prepared by the employer for the tenderer to compete (Gordon 1994). This type of contract might be appropriate where there is not enough time to prepare even approximate quantities or where the quantity of work is very uncertain. Obviously the employer has to accept the risk involved in starting work with no accurate idea of the total cost, and generally this type of contract is best confined to small jobs. In such a way, companies prefer measurement contracts when small projects are involved. Measurement contracts allow them using costs efficiently and obtaining balanced profits.Cost reimbursement implies that the contractor undertakes to carry out an indeterminate amount of work on the basis that they are paid the prime or actual cost of labour, plant, and m aterials (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). In addition, the contractor receives an agreed fee to cover management, overheads and profit. Hybrids of the cost reimbursement contracts include: cist plus percentage fee; cost-plus fixed pee; and cost-plus fluctuating fee. Cost-plus percentage fee is the method applied, when the fee charged is directly related to the prime cost (Smith Love 2001). It is usually a flat rate percentage, but it can also be on a sliding scale. However, the contractor has no real incentive to work at maximum efficiency, and this variant is only likely to be considered where the requirements are particularly indeterminate pre-contract. Cost-plus fixed fee –means that the fee to be charged is tendered by the contractor. This is appropriate provided that the amount and type of work is largely foreseeable (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). The contractor has an incentive to work efficiently so as to remain within the agreed fee. Cost-plus fluctuating fee implies that the fee varies in proportion to the difference between the estimated cost and the actual prime cost. The assumption is that as the latter cost increases, the contractor’s supposed inefficiency will result in a fee which decreases. This approach depends upon there being a realistic chance of ascertaining the amount and type of work at tender stage (Smith, Love, Wyatt 2001). In such a way, customers cover the costs of the construction company spent on the labour force, the plant and materials used in the construction of the facility ordered by the customer. This method is effective and applied, when customers can cover the costs of the construction company and, as a rule, are in partnership with the constructor company.Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of Cyprus part 2

The Mythical Democratic- Republican National Convention (DRNC) Essay

The Mythical Democratic- Republican National Convention (DRNC) - Essay Example This essay stresses that the recommendations based on the risk analysis include that high security personnel should be deployed in the Bicentennial Park since it will be hosting over 20, 000 protestors who may be targets for a terrorist or bombing attack as well as to prevent them from becoming too violent and disrupting the meeting. The same security personnel with assistance from the security cameras should monitor the Hotel Row which will be housing the dignitaries and media personnel. Majority of the security parameters from the air surveillance to concrete barriers, bomb screening and experts to CCTV cameras and anti-terrorism forces should be present in the arena. There should also be set aside corridors and areas for mass evacuation and mass casualty treatment in case of any attack. The fire department should also be on the forefront with their evacuation skills to lend a hand in case of any risk. During the planning and resource allocation process, the planning committee and sub-committee should make considerations of the number of security forces need with different expertise from ground to air surveillance. This paper makes a conclusion that the combination of the threats, the vulnerabilities and the consequence of the threats happening have led to the identification and ranking of the risk factors and infrastructural assets that need to be considered during planning. The recommendations made are specific enough for the planning committee to consider in their budgetary allocations if curbing of the risks is to not only be effective but efficient as well.

Assessments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assessments - Essay Example Science is a vast field, as it includes different experimental aspects of study area. Designed assessments of science subjects contribute to measure the growth and understanding of the subject. Assessments enhance students' learning and help teachers identify what students know and what they can do with their knowledge (IMS.Ode, 2011). This paper aims to design an assessment program for science students, which will include processes and instruments integral for students' learning. The designed assessment will be applicable for students of grade 6 for their science subject. Before designing an assessment program for students it is consider highly important to identify specific requirements of efficient activities that help insight students' knowledge of the subject (Allen, 2006). Likewise, at first place this assessment program will focus on reducing stress from both teachers and students and before practicing planned assessments, all assessment processes, practices and instruments wi ll be checked to note down their validity, reliability, and transparency (Pianta, 2012). Undoubtedly, paper pencil examination method is a traditional one and it is successful too, but it cannot completely evaluate students’ understanding and knowledge of the subject (Wang, 2011). Since, science is a vast subject and it is compulsory to design such an assessment that could ensure achievement of subject value, practice, research and communication outcomes. Thus, this assessment will include different activities and tasks to target each of these aforementioned goals in terms of learning outcomes. For learning and gaining expertise in any particular subject it is always important to develop interest in the subject. In the beginning of the session science teacher will ask students to write an informal essay on the topic, â€Å"Reasons for Selecting Science as a Major Subject in the Future†. This technique will help students use their imaginative and thinking power, because while writing essay they will get chance to recognize importance of scientific studies and scope of the subject in the professional career (Haines, 2004). Additionally, teachers will also get an idea about each student’s interest and dedication for the subject. This will also help teacher to design final assessment activities more effectively with respect to students’ interest and choices (Haines, 2004). Moreover, in the same class after finishing written essay students will be encouraged to come forward and read out summary of their respective essays. With this approach, it could be predicted that some students might hesitate to come forward and present in front of the entire class, but it will be teacher’s responsibility to provide equal opportunity to each student within available time and appreciated them for their future planning (Tobey, 2005). It will help develop and improve communication and presentation skills of the students. Subject teacher is going to monitor all students throughout the terms, and for this purpose, it could be suggested that after explaining a topic one or two times. Class discussion of that particular topic should be conducted to assess what students have understood from the teacher’s lectures and how well they are able to interpret their understanding about the topic (Race, 2005). As this assessment process targets science subject students, therefore teacher will be more emphasizing on examples, from routine life. Furthermore, for homework students will be given an interesting activity such as, they will have to paste or draw pictures relevant to the topic studied in the class. Although, it seems primary level activity, but it is most appropriate way of developing students’ interest in the subject and engage them in activities related to the subject (Race, 2005).

Vs of Big Data

Vs of Big Data Big data based on the word itself means data which is big but how much big is considered as big? For a small business, big data might be few gig while Facebook processes 100s of Tb data every day [6]. So, the definition of big data will slightly differ from organization to organization. Few years back big data meant the huge size of data which is beyond the ability of normal software to process and handle it. Big data was defined using the 3 Vs : Volume, Velocity and Variety but now that has changed and now four more Vs were added which consists of [1] : Variability: This means the data does not have same meaning every day and is constantly changing Veracity: Making sure the data we have is accurate Visualization: Visualizing the data so it can be easily interpreted by readers Value: The final goal is to get some value out of data University of California, Berkley asked forty thought leaders in data science field about the definition of Big Data. John Akred the founder and CTO of Silicon Valley Data Science described big data as, Big Data refers to a combination of an approach to informing decision making with analytical insight derived from data, and a set of enabling technologies that enable that insight to be economically derived from at times very large, diverse sources of data [5].While David Leonhardt who is an editor for The New York Times defines big data as, Big Data is nothing more than a tool for capturing reality just as newspaper reporting, photography and long-form journalism are [5].ÂÂ   As we can see different people from different industry has different definition of Big Data but one thing in common is that it follows the basic three Vs defined before and the end product is different. Microsoft defines big data as patterns which can be used with proven practices for predictable results. Further they defined big data as Data often produced at fire hose rate, that you do not know how to analyze at the moment but may provide valuable information in future [4]. Then they ask the readers if they know what the visitors to their website are really thinking? Or if they are business owners and if they know what the customers think of their products? They ask these questions and then tell them that the answer is hidden in the pile of data which is hidden away and if you can find it still it might be difficult to process it and get meaningful insights out of it. Microsoft then further defines big data as Big data typically refers to collections of datasets that, due to size and complexity, are difficult to store, query, and manage using existing data management tools or data processing applications. We notice here that they are trying to focus on the difficulty of storing, querying and managing data and can expect a solution or product for it. So basically, Microsoft is trying to connect with their readers by asking them if they have a big data problem and then providing an example of what techniques data analysts and business managers are following and how Microsoft can help them. Then they describe Big Data with the text book definition using the three Vs and links the readers to their product called HDInsight [4]. HDInsight is a Hadoop- based solution which Microsoft offers. It is an all in one solution which can store data, process data and executing data analysis. Tableau is one of the biggest company and provider of visualization techniques which can help companies visualize data from any source. They define big data as structured or unstructured, petabytes or terabytes, millions or billions of rows, you can turn data into big ideas[1]. They try to focus on the visualization part as Tableau is used discover and understand their data. So, if we compare it to Microsoft definition they are missing the part about storing the data, retrieving it and the problems behinds it.ÂÂ   While explaining the meaning of big data tableau keeps pointing out the importance of visualizing the data regardless of the size of data and how organizations can leverage this to their benefit. They also iterate that storing, preparing and iterating data is costly and Tableaus vision is to help companies apply best practices to get the most out of their data. SAS uses the three Vs of big data (Volume, Velocity and Variety) to define it and say its not the amount of data that is important but what to do with it and how to use it to make better decisions. SAS adds two more dimensions Variability and Complexity to its definition of big data. They define variability as inconsistency in the amount of data that flows which cannot be controlled [3]. Complexity is defined as different types of data coming from different sources and connecting and combining it to get meaningful insights out of it. When we compare, the definitions provided by these companies it is obvious the core definition of big data remains the same but then these companies tailor tit according to the products they offer. Microsoft which provides end to end solution for big data talks about storing of data which is skipped by Tableau as it provides solution for visualizing the data and not storing. So, we can conclude that there is no authority on the exact meaning of Big Data and its solutions. Works Cited [1] Understanding Big Data: The Seven Vs. Dataconomy. July 23, 2014. Accessed January 30, 2017. http://dataconomy.com/2014/05/seven-vs-big-data/. [2] Big Data. Tableau Software. Accessed January 30, 2017. https://www.tableau.com/stories/topic/big-data. [3] What is Big Data and why it matters. What Is Big Data? | SAS US. Accessed January 30, 2017. http://www.sas.com/en_us/insights/big-data/what-is-big-data.html. [4] What is big data? Accessed January 30, 2017. https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn749868.aspx. [5] What Is Big Data? What Is Big Data? Blog. September 03, 2014. Accessed January 30, 2017. https://datascience.berkeley.edu/what-is-big-data/. [6] Data size estimates. Follow the Data. June 24, 2014. Accessed January 30, 2017. https://followthedata.wordpress.com/2014/06/24/data-size-estimates/.

The Act of Blogging:Creating an Online Home :: Blogs

The Act of Blogging:Creating an Online Home A phenomenon has taken place on the internet. This phenomenon is called blogging. Blogging is nothing more the journal of people published on the internet. The interesting thing is, other people around the world can share in this journal with you. Another interesting note that might be commonly over looked, is the resemblance of a blog site and a real home, metaphorically speaking. Whether or not a blogger is intentionally giving his site a homely look to it, the resemblance is there nonetheless. Items you might come across on a blog site are pictures, a portfolio of the blogger, and links to other blog sites. For the bloggers that take this seriously, it is important to have this information to create an environment that you are comfortable with and you are comfortable with others to view. You want for the viewers to feel welcome to your site and enjoy what they see and read. For the viewers, they are looking for a connection with other people with similar likes and dislikes. An individual named Andy does a lot of traveling, and has created a blog site to tell about his travels. Because of his extensive travels, Andy has chosen to make an online home. In several e-mail conversations I had with Andy, he told me that his web site is a place where he can go for some familiarity. He was intrigued at the comparison that I had made between the two types of homes. When you enter this site you are greeted with a different picture about once a week. Pictures are important; they add life to the web site. Pictures are also important because they give character to the web site, and in some cases can even tell a story. Pictures on a web site are a lot like pictures on the wall of a house, for the same reasons. Pictures or paintings I feel are a necessity for a house or web site. Throughout a house you will find books, magazines, newspapers, and all sorts of other little nick nacks. These items are there for enjoyment and education. They also describe what kind of person it is that lives there and what his likes and dislikes are. In the blog world, you might find a personal profile of the blogger. For the serious bloggers, it is almost a guarantee that you will find one.

Womens Place in Our Society

Today women are enjoying high place in our society because Islam has given them great respect. In the near past women were considered inferior to men. They were debarred from taking part in social life. Their sphere of activities was limited to domestic work. Up to the 19th century it was believed that women were the servants of the homes of their husbands. In those days women were not allowed to take part in political and social life and administration.Rousseau the French philosopher who never married once said The dignity of woman consists in being unknown to the world her glory is the esteem of her husband her pleasure the happiness of her family. Quite recently women have come to take more and more prominent part in many spheres of life In some respects they have excelled men. In sports intellectual and artist pursuits in office and industry they have set a new record of honesty and efficiency.They have succeeded marvelously as teachers and nurses goldsmith the famous poet and wr iter made a complaint two centuries ago Women famed of their valour their skill in politics or their learning have left the duties of their own sex in order to invade the privilege of ours. This is what the women are doing today. Now women are enjoying that place in society. Which they could never think of it past. There is particularly no field where women are not competing with men. In professions outdoor life and law they claim equality with men.In business trade industry in the learned professions in politics administration, scientific research literary and artistic activities. Eve is making herself felt everywhere. They are police and military officers. They are working as sale girls as air hostesses and as clerks and steno typists. They are turning out men from the posts of personal secretaries. As the days pass we have to get more and more used to the idea of seeing women working side by side of men riding driving, flying, playing even fighting. Even in Pakistan we have women athletes writers, leaders, administrators.They are fast discarding purdah and taking to active outdoor life. Law has given a woman a status equal to that of man. In nearly every democratic country women have the right to vote. Not only this now women got a chance to become the head of he state. The selection of Benazir Bhutto as Prime Minister twice in a great example of women's place in society. Many other women are also serving at key posts. Many thinkers including most of the Muslims do not like their idea of woman liking an active part in public life and in the professions.They argue that biologically woman's function is different from man's she has to be a mother. Women are not suitable for every job. They are too delicate to perform arduous duties of life. The real greatness of a woman lies in her role as mother. It is rightly said the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. The mother who can bring up the right sort of children is really a great benefactor of society. Is lamic society gives a very respectable position to woman. The Holy Prophet has said â€Å"Verily the paradise lies under the feet of your mother†.